Russia operated a state-sponsored doping programme for four years across the "vast majority" of summer and winter Olympic sports, claims a replacement report.
It was "planned and operated" from late 2011 - together with the build-up to London 2012 - and continuing through the Sochi 2014 Winter Olympic Games till August 2015.
An investigation commissioned by the planet associate degreeti-Doping Agency (Wada) says Russia's sports ministry "directed, controlled and oversaw" manipulation of water samples provided by its athletes.
It says Russian athletes benefited from what the report referred to as the "Disappearing Positive Methodology", whereby positive doping samples would go missing.
International Olympic Committee (IOC) president Thomas Bach delineate the commission's findings as a "shocking and unprecedented attack on the integrity of sport and on the Olympic Games" and pledged to enforce the "toughest sanctions available" against those concerned.
The IOC can opt for Tues regarding any "provisional measures and sanctions" for the urban center athletics, that begin on five August.
The commission, diode by Canadian law academician and sports attorney Dr Richard McLaren, looked into allegations created by the previous head of Russia's national anti-doping laboratory.
Grigory Rodchenkov claimed he doped dozens of athletes before the 2014 Winter Olympic Games, that were command in Sochi, Russia.
Rodchenkov conjointly alleged he had been helped by the Russian US Secret Service, the FSB.
He claimed they'd figured out a way to open and seal off purportedly tamper-proof bottles that were used for storing water samples that the contents might be replaced with "clean" water.
McLaren sent a random quantity of hold on samples from "protected Russian athletes" at Sochi 2014 to associate degree anti-doping laboratory in London to visualize if {they had|that they'd|they'd} scratch marks round the necks of the bottles that might indicate they had been manipulated.
McLaren aforesaid "100% of the bottles had been scratched" however additional that might "not are visible to the primitive eye".
He aforesaid he had "unwavering confidence" altogether of his findings.
The inculpative report doesn't create any recommendations, however can fuel concerns a whole ban on Russia from the 2016 Summer athletics, that begin in First State Janeiro|Rio|city|metropolis|urban center} de Janeiro in Brazil on five August.
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